Matthias n



(No Model.)

4 M. N. PORNEY.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 510,636. Patented Dec. 12, 1893.

. INVENTUR UNITED STATES PATEN OFFICE.

MATTHIAS N. FORNEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

STEAM-BOILER.

sPEoIFIoA'rION forming pm of Letters Patent No. aideeaaatea December 12,1893.

Application filed June 23,1893. Serial No. 478.646. (No model.)

To all whom it. may mm.-

Be it known that I, MATTHIAS N.- FoRNEY,

of the city, county, and'State of New York,

have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam-Boilers, ofwhich improvement the following is a specification.

My present invention more particularly re- I lates to boilers forlocomotive engines, but is is the most common form of furnace for ordi-"nary stationary boilers. These furnaces are,

not, however, limited in application to that class of engines, and may,withoutvariation of principle, be employed in connection with otherengines and for other uses. It is particularly adapted to the generalclass or type of locomotive exemplified in Letters Patent of the UnitedStates No. 485,344, granted and issued to me under date of November 1,18 92.

The object of the invention is to provide'a boiler having a fire-boxlined with fire-brick or other refractory material, and of simple andcheap construction, in lieu of the form of fire-box ordinarilyheretofore employed in locomotive boilers, in which the fire isinclosed.

by water legs or walls, formed by double plates having an interposedwater space. Fireboxes of such type are expensive both as toconstruction and to maintenance, are difficult to stay properly, and areliableto frequent failure when in use, involving inuchexpeuse,

and not infrequently, danger and accidents from explosions.

My invention, generally stated, consists of a cylindrical shapedfire-box, the inside peripheral surface of which may be linedWithvoussoir shaped bricks, of uniform shape and however, usually madeof a rectangular form,

fire-box is, under my invention, of cylindrical or approximately to acylindrical form, excepting that portion on its under side which is leftopen to receive the grate. This shell or casing is connected to anyordinary form of boiler, and projects rearwardly therefrom, in themanner of the ordinary locomotive firebox. The boiler and fire-box are,in order to bring the tubes, grates, &c., into more convenient relationto each other, connected to-' gether eccentrically as hereinafter morefully described.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a longitudinal section throughthe center line of a" steam boiler, illustratingjan application of myinvention; Fig. 2, a transverse section through the fire-box, on theline 00,50, looking toward; the right; Fig. 3, a similar sectionthrough'the waist of the boiler on theline y, 1 looking toward the left;and Fig. 4, a transverse section, on an enlarged scale, throughnections.

The main body or waist 5, of the boiler may be of the ordinarycylindrical form of construction, provided with a series of fire tubes6, secured in heads at each end in the usual manner. This form offire-box may also be used in connection with water tube boilers ofvarious forms. I

The drawings represent a fire-box of the the top plate of the fire-box,showing'its conform which I prefer, applied toan ordinary cylindricalfire tubular boiler, but my invention is not limited to such specificform of firebox, or to its application to such specific type of boiler.In the drawings the fire-box shell, 1, is shown of cylindrical shape inFig. 2, with the lower or bottom portion cut away or left open toreceive the grate 7. The parts of this cylindrical shell, on each sideof the opening for the grate, are connected together by transverse rodsor bars 8, the one in Fig. 2 being shown broken away, in order to enableother parts to be represented more clearly. The

boiler and fire-box are connected together ec-' centrically, that is tosay, the center line of the boiler is, as shown in Fig. 2, located abovethat of the fire-box, so that their tops are flush. This constructionprovides considerable room for fire between the lower row of tubes andthe top of the grate. The peripheral part of the fire-box is lined withvoussoir shaped fire-bricks 11, which are, preferably, of uniform shape,and are built into arched form, so as to be held securely in theirrespective positions. It will be apparent that such a lining might beused if the form of the external shell were not of a true cylindricalform. Its cross-section might, for example, be oval, elliptical orpolygonal in form, and it could then be lined with voussoir shapedbricks, which would be reciprocally held in their places; therefore myinvention is not confined to fire-boxes whose form is exactlycylindrical, but is intended to cover all forms whose inside peripheralsurface may be lined by a continuous arch, the members of which arereciprocally held in their respective positions.

In the claims I have designated such general forms as cylindraceous thedictionary meaning of which is cylindrical or approach ing a cylindricalform.

A seat or frame 12, which is preferably of cast iron, is riveted to thelower portion of the fire-box, said seat serving to support thefirebrick, and also to stiffen the plate-iron shell 1. An inwardlyprojecting flange 13, is turned on the upper part of the back tube sheet4, and a narrow top section 9, flanged in the reverse direction, isriveted to the flange 18. A ledge or support is thus provided on top ofthe tube sheet, immediately over the tubes, on which the upper frontlining bricks 14 rest, in order to protect the upper section 9 of thetube sheet, which is exposed to steam, from the heat in the fire-box.The front part of the fire-box shell is attached to the boiler byangle-iron, 15, which is placed a short distance in advance of the backend of the boiler, and providesaspaee wide enough to allow the lowerfrontlining fire-bricks to come flush with the back tube-sheet. Bothends of the fire-box are lined with bricks of the ordinary form.

From Fig. 2 it will be seen that, in building up the inside lining ofthe fire-box, there will be diffioulty in completing the arch, or ininserting the key stones on top when the remainder is in position. Forthis reason the central portion of the fire-box casing, 1, is made in aseparate piece from the sides, and is attached thereto by flanges turnedon the plates, and connecting bolts, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. Inlining the inside of the fire-box, the central section may be taken offand the arch completed through the opening left by its removal. Afterthe arch is finished the central section is again bolted to the sidesections.

One of the objections which has been developed in fire-boxes of thegeneral type to which my invention relates, is the fact that so muchheat is radiated from their outside surfaces that they cause more orless discomfort to the attendants. To prevent this objectionable result,a casing or lagging 18, is connected to the outside of the fire-boxshell or casing, an air space 20, being provided between the fire-boxshell and the lagging. Openings are formed in the lagging to admit airinto the space 20, which communicates, through openings 22, with thespace below the grate, as shown in Figsrl and 2. The draft in thefire-box thus draws the heated air from the space between the laggingand the shell of the fire-box, creating an inward current into theopenings in the lagging. The air is thus drawn into the space below andup through the grates, not only serving to keep the outside of thefire-box cool, but also to supply the fire with warm air.

In order to provide an air space between the shell and thelagging,ironbarsof a Z shape, bent to conform to the shape of the outside of theshell, are interposed between the same and the lagging. The lowerflanges of these bars serve to attach them to the shell, and the laggingcan be fastened to the upper flanges.

WVhile a form of boiler as herein described is not applicable, withoutmodification, to ordinary locomotives, it is well adapted to the classof locomotives described in Letters Patent No. 485,344 before referredto. Ordinarily, there would not be room enough for the large fire-boxdescribed herein, which would interfere with the wheels, unless theboiler was placed higher than would be desirable. This form of boiler ishowever, well suited to the form and methods of construction describedin the Letters Patent referred to.

The diaphragms 23 and 28, and circulating plate26,showninthedrawings,are notclaimed as of my present invention, as the sameconsti tute the subject matter of a divisional application filed by meNovember 9, 1893, Serial No.

I am aware that various forms of fire-bones IOC IIC

lined with fire-brick were known in the art 3."lhe combination of atubular boiler, a cylindraceous fire-box casing, composed of sidesections connected to the boiler, and a removable top section interposedbetween the side sections, and a lining of refractory or fire resistingmaterial, of arched form inside of said casin g, substantially as setforth.

4. The combination, in a steam boiler, of a joining the portion of thetube sheet above the same, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination in asteam boiler, of a fire-box lined with refractorymaterial, a lagging or non-conducting covering inclosing said fire-box,an air space interposed between the fire-box and lagging, openings inthe lagging for the admission of air into said air space, and openingsfrom said air space for the escape of air therefrom, substantially asset forth.

MATTHIAS N. FORNEY.

Witnesses:

LENA F. VANNER, FRANK J. FRENCH.

